Abstract Purpose of Review Highlight significant developments that have recently been
made to enhance our understanding of how snow responds to climate forcing and the role …

In this paper, we review the use of satellite-based remote sensing in combination with in situ
data to inform Earth surface modelling. This involves verification and optimization methods …

This paper describes the main characteristics of CNRM‐CM6‐1, the fully coupled
atmosphere‐ocean general circulation model of sixth generation jointly developed by …

This paper presents an analysis of observed and simulated historical snow cover extent and
snow mass, along with future snow cover projections from models participating in the World …

Trends in indices based on daily temperature and precipitation are examined for two
periods: 1948–2016 for all stations in Canada and 1900–2016 for stations in the south of …

Nine gridded Northern Hemisphere snow water equivalent (SWE) products were evaluated
as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Satellite Snow Product Intercomparison and …

Accelerating warming and associated loss of sea ice are expected to promote the expansion
of coastal marine forests (macrophytes) along the massive Arctic coastlines. Yet, this region …

To meet the increasing sailing demand of the Northeast Passage of the Arctic, a daily
prediction model of sea ice concentration (SIC) based on the convolutional long short-term …

Abstract For over 50 years, Churchill, Manitoba has provided visitors an opportunity to see
polar bears in their natural environment. Over the same time period, an increase in …

Cold region hydrology is conditioned by distinct cryospheric and hydrological processes.
While snowmelt is the main contributor to both surface and subsurface flows, seasonally …