The global emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a growing threat to
antibiotic therapy. The chromosomally encoded drug efflux mechanisms that are ubiquitous …

The most common prokaryotic signal transduction mechanisms are the one-component
systems in which a single polypeptide contains both a sensory domain and a DNA-binding …

Drug efflux pumps play a key role in drug resistance and also serve other functions in
bacteria. There has been a growing list of multidrug and drug-specific efflux pumps …

Antibiotic resistance continues to plague antimicrobial chemotherapy of infectious disease.
And while true biocide resistance is as yet unrealized, in vitro and in vivo episodes of …

Drug resistance in bacteria, and especially resistance to multiple antibacterials, has
attracted much attention in recent years. In addition to the well known mechanisms, such as …

Multiresistance in Gram-negative pathogens, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter spp. and the Enterobacteriaceae, is a …

Antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens is a fast emerging global crisis and an
understanding of the underlying resistance mechanisms is paramount for design and …

Antibiotic resistance can be acquired by mutation or horizontal transfer of a resistance gene,
and generally an acquired mechanism results in a predictable increase in phenotypic …

It is increasingly evident that metabolites suffer various kinds of damage, that such damage
happens in all organisms and that cells have dedicated systems for damage repair and …

Resistance nodulation division efflux systems have a major role in both intrinsic and
acquired multi-drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. The recent structure of an …