Maternal distress during pregnancy increases plasma levels of cortisol and corticotrophin
releasing hormone in the mother and foetus. These may contribute to insulin resistance and …

Human epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that the risk of
developing schizophrenia is significantly enhanced following prenatal and/or perinatal …

An increased incidence of anxiety, depression and attention deficits in children has been
linked to psychological stress during pregnancy. Subjection of a pregnant rat to stress at a …

BACKGROUND: Prenatal stress constitutes a developmental risk factor for later
psychopathology. The behavioral disorders are sustained by neurobiological alterations …

Background: Animal studies have shown that prenatal stress has persisting effects on
several aspects of offspring development; more recent studies show that this effect may be …

Stress is an adaptive response to demands of the environment and thus essential for
survival. Exposure to stress during the first years of life has been shown to have profound …

Variation within mesolimbic dopamine (DA) pathways has significant implications for
behavioral responses to rewards, and previous studies have indicated long‐term …

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder and the most common
monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). FXS is caused by a mutation in the X …

Early environmental events have profound influences on a wide range of adult behavior. In
the current study, we assessed the influence of maternal stress during gestation on …

Since life emerged on the Earth, the development of efficient strategies to cope with sudden
and/or permanent changes of the environment has been virtually the unique goal pursued …