Early life adversity (ELA) is a major risk factor for mental illness, but the neurobiological
mechanisms by which ELA increases the risk for future psychopathology are still poorly …

The human social brain is complex. Current knowledge fails to define the neurobiological
processes underlying social behaviour involving the (patho-) physiological mechanisms that …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) presents a major public health problem for which
currently available treatments are modestly effective. We report the findings of a randomized …

Identifying brain biomarkers of disease risk is a growing priority in neuroscience. The ability
to identify meaningful biomarkers is limited by measurement reliability; unreliable measures …

Depression is associated with social risk factors, social impairments and poor social
functioning. This paper gives an overview of these social aspects using the NIMH Research …

Rewards are crucial objects that induce learning, approach behavior, choices, and
emotions. Whereas emotions are difficult to investigate in animals, the learning function is …

Inhibitory neurotransmission plays a key role in anxiety disorders, as evidenced by the
anxiolytic effect of the benzodiazepine class of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor …

Elevated whole blood serotonin, or hyperserotonemia, was the first biomarker identified in
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is present in more than 25% of affected children. The …

Disputes between those holding differing political views are ubiquitous and deep-seated,
and they often follow common, recognizable lines. The supporters of tradition and stability …

Unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence is common worldwide but often unrecognised.
The incidence, notably in girls, rises sharply after puberty and, by the end of adolescence …