This is our ninth annual horizon scan to identify emerging issues that we believe could affect
global biological diversity, natural capital and ecosystem services, and conservation efforts …

Observations taken over the last few decades indicate that dramatic changes are occurring
in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone (ABZ), which are having significant impacts on ABZ inhabitants …

Soils in Arctic and boreal ecosystems store twice as much carbon as the atmosphere, a
portion of which may be released as high-latitude soils warm. Some of the uncertainty in the …

Several recent climate impact assessments on polar regions have been undertaken,
including the synthesis report on Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (AMAP …

Rural areas still account for almost half the world's population, and about 70% of the
developing world's poor people.{9.1. 1}. There is a lack of clear definition of what constitutes …

When rain falls on an existing cover of snow, followed by low temperatures, or falls as
freezing rain, it can leave a hard crust. These Arctic rain on snow (ROS) events can …

Human induced land-use change through natural resource extraction has significant
ecological, social and cultural effects for indigenous communities. Indigenous rights, cultural …

Sizable areas in northwestern arctic Russia have undergone fundamental change in recent
decades as the exploration of vast hydrocarbon deposits has intensified. We undertook two …

Ungulate trampling modifies soils and interlinked ecosystem functions across biomes. Until
today, most research has focused on temperate ecosystems and mineral soils while …

Background The reindeer (or caribou, Rangifer tarandus L.) has a natural range extending
over much of Eurasia's and North America's arctic, alpine and boreal zones, yet its impact on …