We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

The electron–cyclotron maser is a process that generates coherent radiation from plasma. In
the last two decades, it has gained increasing attention as a dominant mechanism of …

Abstract On 1 April 2001, the Polar satellite crossed a subsolar magnetopause associated
with antiparallel magnetic fields. Over a width∼ 6 magnetosheath ion skin depths (∼ 3 …

A strong, current-free, electric double-layer with eΦ/kT e∼ 3 and a thickness of less than 50
debye lengths has been experimentally observed in an expanding, high-density helicon …

Recent developments in laboratory double layers from the late 1980s to the spring of 2007
are reviewed. The paper begins by a lead up to electric double layers in the laboratory. Then …

Time domain structures (TDS)(electrostatic or electromagnetic electron holes, solitary
waves, double layers, etc.) are≥ 1 ms pulses having significant parallel (to the background …

An electric double-layer is generated near the open end of a high-density low pressure
helicon sustained radio frequency (13.56 MHz) plasma source which expands into a …

A comprehensive examination of particle and wave data from multiple Thermal Emission
Imaging System (THEMIS) satellites has been made of an electron injection structure in the …

We report observations of large‐amplitude (> 50 mV/m) electric fields primarily associated
with bursty bulk flow events. These electric fields reach~ 500 mV/m, which are some of the …

We present a comprehensive review of recent theoretical and numerical studies of the
formation and dynamics of electron and ion holes in a collisionless plasma. The electron …