The outbreaks of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), caused by nervous necrosis
virus (NNV), represent one of the main infectious threats for marine aquaculture worldwide …

Over the last three decades, the causative agent of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy
(VER) disease has become a serious problem of marine finfish aquaculture, and more …

Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), otherwise known as viral nervous necrosis
(VNN), is a major devastating threat for aquatic animals. Betanodaviruses have been …

Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), which infects fish, is the type species of the
genus Betanodavirus. This virus has a bipartite genome of positive-strand RNAs, designated …

The family Nodaviridae include the genera Alphanodavirus and the Betanodavirus which
are non-enveloped, single stranded RNA viruses. Alphanodavirus include the insect viruses …

Sequencing of the full coding region of both genomic segments of seven betanodavirus
strains isolated from different farmed species in Spain and Portugal revealed that six were …

The betanodaviruses are the causative agent of the disease viral nervous necrosis in fishes.
Betanodavirus genome consists of two single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecules …

Groupers are potentially important and economically valuable aquaculture species in
Southeast Asian countries. Among sport and artisanal fishers is a prized catch demanding …

Betanodaviruses are small positive-sense bipartite RNA viruses that infect a wide variety of
fish species and are notorious for causing lethal outbreaks in juvenile fish hatcheries …

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is classified as betanodavirus of Nodaviridae, and has caused
mass mortality of numerous marine fish species at larval stage. Antimicrobial peptides …