Structural and functional complexities of the mammalian lung evolved to meet a unique set
of challenges, namely, the provision of efficient delivery of inspired air to all lung units within …

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The University of Vermont College of Medicine and the Vermont
Lung Center, with support of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the …

Local alterations in the mechanical compliance of the basement membrane that alter the
level of isometric tension in the cell have been postulated to influence tissue …

For patients with end‐stage lung diseases, lung transplantation is the only available
therapeutic option. However, the number of suitable donor lungs is insufficient and lung …

Functional maturation of pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells is crucial for extrauterine
survival. Mechanical distension and mesenchymal-epithelial interactions play important …

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression is necessary for differentiation of
mesenchymal lipofibroblasts, which induce epithelial type II (TII) cell differentiation, both of …

Mechanical stretch under both physiological (breathing) and pathophysiological (ventilator‐
induced) conditions is known to significantly impact all cellular compartments in the lung …

Since an early stage in its use, MV has been associated with side effects such as air leaks
(2). In addition, the ventilation of animals with extreme tidal volumes induced lung edema …

Gravity has played a critical role in the development of terrestrial life. A key event in
evolution has been the development of mechanisms to sense and transduce gravitational …

Growth of the lung involves unique structure-function interactions not seen in solid organs.
Mechanical feedback between the lung and thorax constitutes a major signal that sustains …