Conventional multichannel surveys provide good images in 2D and 3D of the Earth in depth,
which are successfully used for the oil and gas industries. However, their cost and …

Amplitude variation with incident angle and azimuth (AVAZ) inversion is usually used for
estimating subsurface medium properties from azimuthal stacked seismic data for fracture …

4D DAS VSP is a rapid monitoring technique of stimulated rock volume in unconventional
reservoirs. In this study, a pragmatic 4D forward modeling workflow is proposed to forecast …

4D DAS VSP is a real-time in-situ monitoring technique of stimulated rock volume in
unconventional shale reservoirs. Latest field experiments using active seismic sources and …

Anisotropy in rock beds is accountable for large deviation effects in imaging and incorrect
characterization of reservoir properties that cannot be ignored in unconventional reservoirs …