Consistency in assigning an avalanche danger level when forecasting or locally assessing
avalanche hazard is essential but challenging to achieve, as relevant information is often …

This study examines the impact force applied from hand taps during extended column tests
(ECTs), a common method of assessing snow stability. The hand-tap loading method has …

The Extended Column Test (ECT) is a new stability test that aims to assess the fracture
propagation potential across a 0.90 m wide isolated column. This paper: 1) describes the …

Information on snowpack instability is crucial for assessing avalanche risk in backcountry
operations as well as for operational forecasting of the regional avalanche danger. Since …

Snow instability tests provide valuable information regarding the stability of the snowpack.
Test results are key data used to prepare public avalanche forecasts. However, to include …

Several field tests have been proposed in the past for evaluating snow stability. However,
few comparative studies have been performed so that presently the advantages and …

Our paper focuses on four popular snowpack tests, the Rutschblock Test (RB), Compression
Test (CT), Extended Column Test (ECT), and Propagation Saw Test (PST), reviewing past …

Public forecasts of regional avalanche danger are disseminated throughout the winter in
many mountainous regions. These forecasts-also called advisories, warnings, or bulletins1 …

Many avalanches are triggered by dynamic loads. Previous avalanche-focused studies of
snow's response to dynamic loading consisted of field-based observations and static, elastic …

Professionals and recreationists utilize stability tests to assess snow stability. Our goal is to
determine whether or not people are changing the types of tests they conduct. We utilized …