Rokok merupakan produk olahan dari tembakau. Asap rokok yang dihirup mengandung
komponen gas (85%) dan partikel (15%). Komponen tersebut bersifat genotoksik dan …

Although awareness of the negative health impacts of smoking is increasing, the prevalence
of active smokers in Bandung City, especially in the neighborhood of the Islamic University …

Pengunaan tembakau dalam bentuk rokok dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif baik bagi
perokok maupun orang yang tidak merokok dan jika hal ini terus berlanjut, maka akan …

Panoramic radiography is a radiographic diagnostic tool that affects the Reactive Oxygen
Species and causes oxidative stress, which has a role in DNA damage that occurs due to …

Objectives: To analyze genotoxic and sitotoxic indicators of buccal epithelial cells by
measuring the number of cells contain micronucleus, pycnosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis and …

Smoking is a risk factor for pathological disease, both locally and in the oral cavity systemic
disease. The oral cavity is the first point of contact of casual cigarette smoke easily exposed …

Background: Periodontitis is a periodontal disease that can cause an increase in Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS). The increase in ROS concentration will cause oxidative stress …

Smoking can lead to oral disease. Many people are unaware of the relationship between
smoking habits and oral hygiene index (OHI), up to potential oral diseases. Micronuclei (MN) …