Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by‐products of normal cell activity. They are produced
in many cellular compartments and play a major role in signaling pathways. Overproduction …

NADPH oxidases of the Nox family are important enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen
species (ROS). Numerous homologue-specific mechanisms control the activity of this …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are deadly weapons used by phagocytes and other cell
types, such as lung epithelial cells, against pathogens. ROS can kill pathogens directly by …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR2 were shown to be activated by saturated fatty acids
(SFAs) but inhibited by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, one report suggested that …

Autophagy and vitamin D3-mediated innate immunity have been shown to confer protection
against infection with intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we show that these …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease. ROS generation by infiltrating macrophages involves multiple mechanisms …

NADPH oxidase (Nox) has a dedicated function of generating reactive oxygen species
(ROS). Accumulating evidence suggests that Nox has an important role in signal …

Vitamin D signaling plays an essential role in innate defense against intracellular
microorganisms via the generation of the antimicrobial protein cathelicidin. In addition to …

Interaction between vitamin D and the immune system has been recognized for many years,
but its relevance to normal human physiology has only become evident in the past 5 years …

Saturated fatty acids can activate Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 but polyunsaturated
fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibit the activation …