SUMMARY A trade-off between strategies maximizing growth and minimizing losses
appears to be a fundamental property of evolving biological entities existing in environments …

The discovery of the numerical importance of viruses in a variety of (aquatic) ecosystems
has changed our perception of their importance in microbial processes. Bacteria and A …

For years scientists viewed the deep sea as calm, quiet, and undisturbed, with marine
species existing in an ecologically stable and uniform environment. Recent discoveries have …

The concepts of top‐down and bottom‐up controls are central to our understanding of
cascading trophic effects on ecosystem functioning. Classical food web theory has focused …

Viral burst size (BS), ie the number of viruses released during cell lysis, is a critical
parameter for assessing the ecological and biogeochemical role of viruses in aquatic …

Over the last two decades, viruses in aquatic systems have been observed to modify,
influence and control aquatic systems. Since the determination decades ago that viruses …

Despite the active and intense treatment of wastewater, pathogenic microorganisms and
viruses are frequently introduced into the aquatic environment. For most human pathogens …

Viruses are a pervasive component of microbial food webs in both marine and freshwater
systems. The abundance of viruses in individual aquatic systems appears to be independent …

Samples from 16 lakes in central (n= 145) and western (n= 12) North America, the coastal
northeast Pacific (n= 302) and the western Canadian Arctic Oceans (n= 142) were collected …

Microbes drive a variety of ecosystem processes and services, but many of them remain
largely unexplored because of a lack of knowledge on both the diversity and functionality of …