Nucleotides play a crucial role in extracellular signaling across species boundaries. All the
three kingdoms of life (Bacteria, Archea and Eukariota) are responsive to extracellular ATP …

Background Chronic migraine is a disabling condition that is currently underdiagnosed and
undertreated. In this narrative review, we discuss the future of chronic migraine management …

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a common small vessel disease in the elderly involving
vascular amyloid-β deposition. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is one of the leading causes of …

ABSTRACT Introduction Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) has gradually emerged
as a suitable therapeutic target to treat migraine. Considering the social and economic …

Migraine is a brain disorder characterized by a piercing headache which affects one side of
the head, located mainly at the temples and in the area around the eye. Migraine imparts …

Background and aims Cortical spreading depression (CSD), a transient neuronal and glial
depolarization that propagates slowly across the cerebral cortex, is the putative …

Abstract Background Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are an important class of agents used in the
treatment of migraine, a neurological disorder that imparts significant socioeconomic …

Migraine is a complicated neurological disorder affecting 6% of men and 18% of women
worldwide. Various mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, altered …

Spreading depression (SD) is a neurophysiological phenomenon characterized by abrupt
changes in intracellular ion gradients and sustained depolarization of neurons. It leads to …

Objective Traditionally, angiographic vasospasm (aVS) has been thought to cause delayed
cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However …