Most animals begin controlling their posture, or orientation with respect to gravity, at an early
stage in life. Posture is vital for locomotor function. Even animals like fish, which are capable …

Sensorineural hearing loss has been a global burden of diseases for decades. However,
according to recent progress in experimental studies on hair cell regeneration and …

In vertebrates, olfactory receptors localize on multiple cilia elaborated on dendritic knobs of
olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Although olfactory cilia dysfunction can cause anosmia …

Ciliated sensory cells such as photo-and olfactory receptors employ multiple types of opsins
or hundreds of unique olfactory G-protein coupled receptors to respond to various …

Calcium and integrin-binding protein 2 (CIB2) and CIB3 bind to transmembrane channel-like
1 (TMC1) and TMC2, the pore-forming subunits of the inner-ear mechano-electrical …

Information about dynamic head motion is conveyed by a central “striolar” zone of vestibular
hair cells and afferent neurons in the inner ear. How vestibular hair cells are tuned to …

Death of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear is a common cause of auditory and
vestibular impairment in mammals, which have a limited ability to regrow these cells after …

During tissue regeneration, lineage-related cells can switch their fate to replace missing
cells. This cell plasticity is particularly prominent in more regenerative vertebrates such as …

The vestibular system of the inner ear provides information about head motion and spatial
orientation relative to gravity to ensure gaze stability, balance, and postural control …

Thymic mimetic cells are molecular hybrids between medullary-thymic-epithelial cells
(mTECs) and diverse peripheral cell types. They are involved in eliminating autoreactive T …