This article looks at the general effects of bilingualism on cognitive development and
highlights the specific effects of bilingualism on third language acquisition. First, it examines …

This paper focuses on the advantages that bilinguals have over monolinguals when
acquiring an additional language. Bilinguals are more experienced language learners and …

This volume focuses on research in bilingual and multilingual education. It discusses the
results of research conducted in different multilingual educational contexts and particularly …

This study investigates transfer at the third-language (L3) initial state, testing between the
following possibilities:(1) the first language (L1) transfer hypothesis (an L1 effect for all adult …

Research on individual multilingualism and third language acquisition has expanded greatly
in recent years. A theoretical correlate of this is the recognition of the fact that humans are …

While research on third language (L3) and multilingualism has recently shown remarkable
growth, the fundamental question of what makes trilingualism special compared to …

This study investigates possible sources and directions of cross-linguistic influence on vowel
reduction and speech rhythm produced by four trilingual speakers with different L1s in their …

This book presents the latest developments in crosslinguistic influence (CLI) and
multilingualism research. The contributors, both veteran researchers and relative …

It has been suggested that bilinguals learn additional languages 'better'than monolinguals.
However, evidence is sparse, particularly for grammar. We examined behavioral and neural …

Learners of third language (L3) German and L3 French studied unfamiliar verbs that were
cognate with first language (L1) Spanish equivalents, second language (L2) English …