Abstract Systems medicine has a mechanism-based rather than a symptom-or organ-based
approach to disease and identifies therapeutic targets in a nonhypothesis-driven manner. In …

The pathophysiology of psoriasis is complex and dynamic. Recently, the involvement of
oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of psoriasis has been proposed. Oxidative stress is an …

The skin is frequently exposed to environmental challenges, such as UV irradiation, toxic
chemicals, and mechanical wounding. These insults cause an increase in the levels of …

Fumaric acid esters (FAEs) such as dimethylfumarate (DMF) are used for the treatment of
adults with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. The mode of action of FAEs is complex. Here, we …

The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a major regulator
of oxidative stress defence in the human body. As Nrf2 regulates the expression of a large …

Fumaric acid esters (FAEs) have been used in the treatment of psoriasis in some European
countries for over 20 years, and are recommended in the European guidelines for the …

Background Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with severe
consequences for the whole organism. The lack of complete knowledge of the main factors …

The emergence of high-throughput approaches has had a profound impact on personalized
medicine, evolving the identification of inheritable variation to trajectory analyses of transient …

Fumaric acid esters (FAE) are small molecules with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory,
and anti-oxidative effects. FAE were introduced as a systemic psoriasis treatment in 1959 …

Beyond specific limits of exposure, chemical entities can provoke deleterious effects in
mammalian cells via direct interaction with critical macromolecules or by stimulating the …