Top ocean predators such as marine mammals are threatened by intensifying
anthropogenic activity, and understanding the combined effects of multiple stressors on their …

Chronic physiological stress impacts animal fitness by catabolizing metabolic stores and
suppressing reproduction. This can be especially deleterious for capital breeding carnivores …

Animals may limit the cost of stress responses during key life history stages such as
breeding and molting by reducing tissue sensitivity to energy-mobilizing stress hormones …

A previously published analytical method demonstrated the quantification of the hormone
cortisol in cetacean skin. However, little is known about the transfer of hormones between …

Marine mammals are integral to global biodiversity and marine health through their roles in
coastal, benthic, and pelagic ecosystems. Marine mammals face escalating threats from …

Evaluating the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on free-ranging marine mammal
populations, many of which are in decline, requires robust diagnostic markers of …

Animals in nature potentially experience multiple stressors, and those of anthropogenic
origin are likely to be repeated or chronic. However, stress hormone levels are highly …

Wildlife is exposed to a diverse set of extrinsic and intrinsic stressors, such as climatic
variation or life history constraints, which may impact individual health and fitness. El Niño …

Elephant seals experience natural periods of prolonged food deprivation while breeding,
molting, and undergoing postnatal development. Prolonged food deprivation in elephant …

Intrinsic stressors associated with life-history stages may alter the responsiveness of the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and responses to extrinsic stressors. We administered …