The most common presentation of nephrolithiasis is idiopathic calcium stones in patients
without systemic disease. Most stones are primarily composed of calcium oxalate and form …

Background Recently published guidelines on the medical management of renal stone
disease did not address relevant topics in the field of idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis …

Introduction Stone analysis is an important part in the evaluation of patients having stone
disease. This could orientate the physician toward particular etiologies. Material and …

The precise mechanisms of kidney stone formation and growth are not completely known,
even though human stone disease appears to be one of the oldest diseases known to …

Background Urolithiasis is a common condition in the US Patients frequently present to the
emergency department (ED) for care, including analgesia and treatments to facilitate stone …

Eight decades ago, Al exander Randall identified calcium phosphate deposits at the tip of
renal papillae as the origin of renal calculi. The awareness that these “Randall's plaque” …

Urolithiasis has been a documented medical affliction since at least ancient Egyptian
civilization, 1 and continues to be responsible for an increasing number of practitioner visits …

Idiopathic calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone-formers (ICSFs) differ from patients who make
idiopathic calcium phosphate (CaP) stones (IPSFs). ICSFs, but not IPSFs, form their stones …

Micro-computed tomographic (micro CT) imaging has become an important tool for the study
of urinary stones. The method involves the collection of a series of X-ray pictures of the stone …

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones are common and recurrent, lacking pharmacological
prevention. Randall's plaques (RPs), calcium deposits in renal papillae, serve as niduses for …