This review highlights the importance of developing multi‐scale characterisation techniques
for analysing operating catalysts in their working environment. We emphasise that a …

X-Ray microscopic techniques are excellent and presently emerging techniques for
chemical imaging of heterogeneous catalysts. Spatially resolved studies in heterogeneous …

At synchrotron radiation sources, parabolic refractive x‐ray lenses allow one to built both full
field and scanning microscopes in the hard x‐ray range. The latter microscope can be …

Nanofocused x rays are indispensable because they can provide high spatial resolution and
high sensitivity for x-ray nanoscopy/spectroscopy. A focusing system using total reflection …

The latest revolution in macromolecular crystallography was incited by the development of
dedicated, user friendly, micro-crystallography beam lines. Brilliant X-ray beams of diameter …

Scientific and engineering research on soft materials requires precise structural analysis to
understand their hierarchical and fluctuating nature. A new beamline, the BL03XU frontier …

Tremendous changes of the structure of Rh particles occurred during partial methane
oxidation to hydrogen and carbon monoxide over a 2.5 wt% Rh/Al2O3 catalyst upon ignition …

High-resolution x-ray diffraction and scattering is a key tool for structure analysis not only in
bulk materials but also at surfaces and buried interfaces from the sub-nanometer range to …

In X-ray focusing, grazing incidence mirrors offer advantages of no chromatic aberration and
high focusing efficiency. Although nanofocusing mirrors have been developed for the hard X …

We present a formalism of x-ray dynamical diffraction from volume diffractive optics with
large numerical aperture and high aspect ratio, in an analogy to the Takagi-Taupin …