The Lamiaceae (formerly Labiatae), a widespread family, comprises 220 genera and 4000
species distributed throughout most of the world as annuals and perennial plants. The …

Kappa-opioid receptors (KOR) are widely expressed throughout the central nervous system,
where they modulate a range of physiological processes depending on their location …

Natural products found in Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom, represent
diverse scaffolds (indole, indolenine, and spiro pseudoindoxyl) with opioid activity, providing …

Medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has an extensive history and it was essential in the
discovery of phytocannabinoids, including the Cannabis major psychoactive compound—Δ9 …

Written for practitioners in the field, this critically acclaimed bestseller provides authoritative
information focused on the investigation of drug-related deaths and practical approaches to …

Salvia divinorum and Mitragyna speciosa (“Kratom”), two unscheduled dietary supplements
whose active agents are opioid receptor agonists, have discrete psychoactive effects that …

Psychoactive natural products play an integral role in the modern world. The tremendous
structural complexity displayed by such molecules confers diverse biological activities of …

Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is a member of the opioid receptor system, the G protein-
coupled receptors that are expressed throughout the peripheral and central nervous …

Plant-based drugs of abuse are as old as recorded human history. Although traditional
addictive substances, such as opium, cannabis and coca, have been controlled by the …

Salvinorin A is a potent, selective nonnitrogenous kappa opioid agonist and the known
psychoactive constituent of Salvia divinorum, a member of the mint family that has been …