In practice, there exists numerous examples indicating the phenomenon that individuals are
inclined to employ different strategies when interacting with the others. This is incurred by …

Social diversity is omnipresent in the modern world. Here we introduce this diversity into
spatial multigames and study its impact on the evolution of cooperation. Multigames are …

When involution affects individuals, their efforts do not augment resources but merely
compete for limited resources. From entrance exams to company overtime, such efforts lead …

In social dilemmas under weak selection, the capacity for a player to exhibit updating
passivity or interact with its own strategy can lead to conflicting outcomes. The central …

As evidenced by many cases in human societies, individuals often make different behavior
decisions in different interactions, and adaptively adjust their behavior in changeable …

The problem of how cooperative behaviors emerge in real world has been widely
investigated and it is found that cooperative behaviors are closely related to memory, which …

Cooperation abounds in all biological systems. Spatial public goods game (PGG) serves as
a baseline model when investigating the evolution of cooperation in collective interactions …

Interactive identity and interactive diversity are generally regarded as two typical interaction
patterns in living systems. The former describes that in each generation every individual …

Addressed in this paper is the issue of how to promote cooperation among selfish
individuals by changing the number of interactive neighbors in the evolutionary snowdrift …

Spatial reciprocity is an effective way widely accepted to facilitate cooperation. In the case of
snowdrift game, some researches showed that spatial reciprocity inhibits cooperation for a …