▪ Abstract Parasitoid wasps have evolved a wide spectrum of developmental interactions
with hosts. In this review we synthesize and interpret results from the phylogenetic …

▪ Abstract Wasp parasitoids use a variety of methods to commandeer their insect hosts in
order to create an environment that will support and promote their own development, usually …

Grooming is a well-recognized, multipurpose, behavior in arthropods and vertebrates. In this
paper, we review the literature to highlight the physical function, neurophysiological …

Parasites often alter the behavior of their hosts in ways that are ultimately beneficial to the
parasite or its offspring. Although the alteration of host behavior by parasites is a widespread …

The insects are a hyperdiverse class containing more species than all other animal groups
combined—and many employ venom to capture prey, deter predators and micro-organisms …

Animals possess a rich repertoire of behaviors, each generated by the orchestrated activity
of assemblies of neurons. Neuromodulators, and particularly monoamines, have been found …

Determining the specific molecular pathways through which dopamine affects behavior has
been complicated by the presence of multiple dopamine receptor subtypes that couple to …

The ecological dominance of ants has to a great extent been achieved through their
collective action and complex social organization. Ants provide diverse model systems to …

Fipronil (Fpl), an insecticide belonging to the class of phenylpyrazoles, is associated with the
widespread mortality of pollinator insects worldwide. Based on studies carried out on …

Dopamine is an ancient signaling molecule. It is responsible for maintaining the adaptability
of behavioral outputs and is found across taxa. The following is a summary of the role of …