The empirical study of belief is emerging at a rapid clip, uniting work from all corners of
cognitive science. Reliance on belief in understanding and predicting behavior is …

Contemporary societies are often “polarized”, in the sense that sub-groups within these
societies hold stably opposing beliefs, even when there is a fact of the matter. Extant models …

After an introductory section, this article will focus on four questions: How should the Kyoto
School be defined? What is meant by its central philosophical concept of “absolute …

Because of the increasingly negative impacts of the echo chamber effect, such as the
dissemination of fake news and political polarization occurring in social networking services …

This article aims to describe the last 10 years of the collaborative scientific endeavors on
polarization in particular and collective problem-solving in general by our multidisciplinary …

Belief polarization (BP) is widely seen to threaten havoc on our shared political lives. It is
often assumed that BP is the product of epistemically irrational behaviors at the individual …

Predictable polarization is everywhere: we can often predict how people's opinions,
including our own, will shift over time. Extant theories either neglect the fact that we can …

The American political landscape exhibits significant polarization. People's political beliefs
cluster around two main camps. However, many of the issues with respect to which these …

A large body of research in political science claims that the way in which democratic citizens
think about politics is motivationally biased by partisanship. Numerous critics argue that the …

Some common explanations of issue polarization and echo chambers rely on social or
cognitive mechanisms of exclusion. Accordingly, suggested interventions like “be more open …