Recent bark beetle outbreaks in North America and Europe have impacted forested
landscapes and the provisioning of critical ecosystem services. The scale and intensity of …

Forests of the Carpathians are of increasing research interest, as they cover a large area (>
9 Mha) within European forests and are influenced by diverse environmental conditions and …

Mountain forests are among the most important ecosystems in Europe as they support
numerous ecological, hydrological, climatic, social, and economic functions. They are …

Classical silviculture has often emphasized timber models, fundamentally based in
production agriculture. This books presents silvicultural methods based in natural forest …

In Europe, forest management has controlled forest dynamics to sustain commodity
production over multiple centuries. Yet over‐regulation for growth and yield diminishes …

Stands and trees may exhibit different climate–growth responses compared to neighbouring
forests and individuals. The study of these differences is crucial to understanding the effects …

In order to gauge ongoing and future changes to disturbance regimes, it is necessary to
establish a solid baseline of historic disturbance patterns against which to evaluate these …

Primary forests, defined here as forests where the signs of human impacts, if any, are
strongly blurred due to decades without forest management, are scarce in Europe and …

Mixed-severity disturbance regimes are prevalent in temperate forests worldwide, but key
uncertainties remain regarding the variability of disturbance-mediated structural …

Determining the drivers of shifting forest disturbance rates remains a pressing global change
issue. Large‐scale forest dynamics are commonly assumed to be climate driven, but …