The upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death protein
1 (PD1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), on immune cells occurs during acute …

In the past decade, advances in the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and adoptive
cellular therapy to treat cancer by modulating the immune response have led to …

Abstract CD4+ regulatory T cells (T regs) expressing the transcription factor FoxP3 are
highly immune suppressive and play central roles in the maintenance of self-tolerance and …

Highlights•The vital role of FOXP3+ CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in tumor immunity
is described.•FOXP3+ CD25+ CD4+ Treg cells are abundantly present in tumor tissues and …

During the past two decades, the paradigm for cancer treatment has evolved from relatively
nonspecific cytotoxic agents to selective, mechanism-based therapeutics. Cancer …

Antitumor activity of CTLA-4 antibody blockade is thought to be mediated by interfering with
the negative regulation of T-effector cell (Teff) function resulting from CTLA-4 engagement …

Modulating T cell homeostatic mechanisms with checkpoint blockade can efficiently promote
endogenous anti-tumor T cell responses,,,,,,,,,–. However, many patients still do not benefit …

CD4+ Treg cells expressing the transcription factor FOXP3 (forkhead box P3) are abundant
in tumor tissues and appear to hinder the induction of effective antitumor immunity. A …

Tumor progression is facilitated by regulatory T cells (Treg) and restricted by effector T cells.
In this study, we document parallel regulation of CD8+ T cells and Foxp3+ Tregs by …

Multitarget antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have been shown to reduce
regulatory T cells (Treg) in tumor-bearing animals and patients with metastatic renal …