Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an abundant sympathetic co-transmitter, widely found in the central
and peripheral nervous systems and with diverse roles in multiple physiological processes …

Almost 30 years ago, neuropeptide Y (NPY) was discovered as a sympathetic co-transmitter
and one of the most evolutionarily conserved peptides abundantly present all over the body …

Purpose Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is one of the main pillars of cardiovascular
pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of …

Cardiac hypertrophy is frequently encountered in patients with renal failure and represents
an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of …

Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are novel medicines for diabetes. The SAVOR-TIMI-
53 clinical trial revealed increased heart-failure-associated hospitalization in saxagliptin …

Obesity is a risk factor that worsens cardiovascular events leading to higher morbidity and
mortality. However, the exact mechanisms of relation between obesity and cardiovascular …

Background/Aims: The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether chronically
elevated plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) might affect heart function and cardiac remodeling in …

In addition to traditional neurotransmitters of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
systems, the heart also contains numerous neuropeptides. These neuropeptides not only …

Aims: Recent studies have found circulating concentrations of the gastrointestinal hormone
GLP-1 to be an excellent predictor of cardiovascular risk in patients with myocardial …

Abstract William Bayliss and Ernest Starling are not only famous as pioneers in
cardiovascular physiology, but also responsible for the discovery of the first hormone (from …