Bone healing is an impressive ability of the human body, but critical-sized bone defects
require external intervention. Bioceramic scaffolds with excellent biocompatibility and …

Freeze-casting produces materials with complex, three-dimensional pore structures which
may be tuned during the solidification process. The range of potential applications of freeze …

'Hierarchy'is a property which can be attributed to a manifold of different immaterial systems,
such as ideas, items and organisations or material ones like biological systems within living …

Ceramics with engineered porosity are promising materials for a number of functional and
structural applications including thermal insulation, filters, bio-scaffolds for tissue …

Porous ceramics are now expected to be used for a wide variety of industrial applications
from filtration, absorption, catalysts and catalyst supports to lightweight structural …

Macroporous ceramics with pore sizes from 400 nm to 4 mm and porosity within the range
20%–97% have been produced for a number of well‐established and emerging …

Freeze‐casting, the templating of porous structures by the solidification of a solvent, have
seen a great deal of efforts during the last few years. Of particular interest are the unique …

The formation of regular patterns is a common feature of many solidification processes
involving cast materials. We describe here how regular patterns can be obtained in porous …

Freeze drying is a process whereby solutions are frozen in a cold bath and then the frozen
solvents are removed via sublimation under vacuum, leading to formation of porous …

Freeze casting is a promising technique to fabricate porous materials with complex pore
shapes and component geometries. This review is aimed to elaborate the fundamental …