Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) is a key antiwear additive in lubricants that forms robust
phosphate glass-based tribofilms to mitigate wear on rubbing surfaces. The quest to unravel …

We present a magnetic force-based direct drive modulation method to measure local nano-
rheological properties of soft materials across a broad frequency range (10 Hz to 2 kHz) …

One of the major obstacles in replacing the widely used zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
antiwear additive with a more environmentally friendly one is the difficulty of time-resolving …

Molecular mechanisms in the shear of an ionic liquid in nanometer-scale confinement were
investigated by atomic force microscopy with a laterally oscillating tip. On a single-crystal …

Hexadecane exhibits pronounced molecular layering upon confinement to gaps of a few
nanometer width which is discussed for its role in boundary lubrication. We have probed the …

The confinement of liquids in nanometer-scale gaps can lead to changes in their viscous
shear properties. For liquids of polar molecules, the charge state of the confining surfaces …

Small cantilevers with a megahertz-order resonance frequency provide excellent sensitivity
and speed in liquid-environment atomic force microscopy (AFM). However, stable and …

Dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to spatially map the elastic modulus
of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), specifically by using force modulation …

Small-scale metallic glasses have many applications in microelectromechanical systems
(MEMS) and sensors which require good mechanical properties. Bending, tensile and …

This chapter focuses on suitable actuation methodologies for driving AFM cantilevers, along
with design examples of active AFM probes with integrated sensing and actuation elements …