This chapter begins with a summary of the initial findings on the effects of insula lesions on
smoking behavior as well as more recent human‐lesion studies that replicate and extend …

Perfusion provides oxygen and nutrients to tissues and is closely tied to tissue function while
disorders of perfusion are major sources of medical morbidity and mortality. It has been …

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a growing public health concern with only a limited
number of approved treatments. However, even approved treatments are subject to limited …

Drug addiction represents a major social problem where addicts and alcoholics continue to
seek and take drugs despite adverse social, personal, emotional, and legal consequences …

Context. Brain death guidelines should be used with caution in patients with drug
intoxication. It is often suggested that physicians use five half-lives of a drug when observing …

A large body of neuroimaging literature suggests that distributed regions in the brain form
coordinated largescale networks that show reliable patterns of connectivity when observed …

Abstract Background and Objective Alterations in the grey matter volume of several brain
regions have been reported in people with chronic pain. The most consistent observation is …

A definitive diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is difficult due to the absence of
biomarkers in standard clinical imaging. The brain is a complex network of interconnected …

Rationale Addiction theories posit that drug-related cues maintain and contribute to drug use
and relapse. Indeed, our recent study in cocaine-dependent patients demonstrated that …

Relapse is a widely recognized and difficult to treat feature of the addictions. Substantial
evidence implicates cue-triggered activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system as an …