The term IoT technology is associated with many fields, including scientific, commercial,
industrial, health, transportation and other fields, which became a necessity of daily life …

Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Makkah, is one of the most massive gathering events in the
world. It is a mandatory religious activity, once in a lifetime for every sane well-off Muslim …

People counting has been investigated extensively as a tool to increase the individual's
safety and to avoid crowd hazards at public places. It is a challenging task especially in high …

Hajj and Umrah are Muslims' religious pilgrimages to Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Hajj is
considered the largest annual gathering in the world. In Islam, every adult is obligated to …

Emerging technologies provide a highly compatible platform for analyzing substantial data
volumes relating to crowd management. These technologies are not only effective in …

This article proposes a novel ultralarge-scale crowd monitoring system, namely, the ULCM
system. The ULCM system enables advanced sensing and networking technologies aimed …

This research enhances crowd analysis by focusing on excessive crowd analysis and crowd
density predictions for Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages. Crowd analysis usually analyzes the …

A carefully designed map can reduce pedestrians' cognitive load during wayfinding and may
be an especially useful navigation aid in crowded public environments. In the present paper …

Hajj is an annual pilgrimage to Makkah in Saudi Arabia where over two and a half million
pilgrims attend. It is one of the most intense crowded events in the world. Unfortunately, Hajj …

Large mass gatherings such as pilgrimages, protests, etc., often pose serious challenges for
the crowd management personnel to maintain public safety and security especially in dense …