Free radicals and other oxidants have gained importance in the field of biology due to their
central role in various physiological conditions as well as their implication in a diverse range …

Mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), most of them deriving
from the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Among the numerous enzymatic and non …

Glutathione (GSH) is the main non-protein thiol in cells whose functions are dependent on
the redox-active thiol of its cysteine moiety that serves as a cofactor for a number of …

Living in an oxygenated environment has required the evolution of effective cellular
strategies to detect and detoxify metabolites of molecular oxygen known as reactive oxygen …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known mediators of intracellular signaling cascades.
Excessive production of ROS may, however, lead to oxidative stress, loss of cell function …

Thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and NADPH, the thioredoxin system, is ubiquitous from
Archea to man. Thioredoxins, with a dithiol/disulfide active site (CGPC) are the major cellular …

In addition to the well-established role of the mitochondria in energy metabolism, regulation
of cell death has recently emerged as a second major function of these organelles. This, in …

Mitochondria are the primary intracellular site of oxygen consumption and the major source
of reactive oxygen species (ROS), most of them originating from the mitochondrial …

Free radicals and other so-called 'reactive species' are constantly produced in the brain in
vivo. Some arise by 'accidents of chemistry', an example of which may be the leakage of …

Chemical carcinogenesis follows a multistep process involving both mutation and increased
cell proliferation. Oxidative stress can occur through overproduction of reactive oxygen and …