Evolutionary game theory is a truly interdisciplinary subject that goes well beyond the limits
of biology. Mathematical minds get hooked up in simple models for evolution and often …

Extensive cooperation among unrelated individuals is unique to humans, who often sacrifice
personal benefits for the common good and work together to achieve what they are unable …

Punishment is a popular tool when governing commons in situations where free riders
would otherwise take over. It is well known that sanctioning systems, such as the police and …

Interactions among living organisms, from bacteria colonies to human societies, are
inherently more complex than interactions among particles and non-living matter. Group …

The replicator equation is the first and most important game dynamics studied in connection
with evolutionary game theory. It was originally developed for symmetric games with finitely …

This article is a brief introduction to the special issue 'Evolution of cooperation'published by
the Journal of Theoretical Biology to mark its 50th anniversary. Cooperation is a favorite …

Social institutions often use rewards and penalties to promote cooperation. Providing
incentives tends to be costly, so it is important to find effective and efficient policies for the …

Prosocial incentive can promote cooperation, but providing incentive is costly. Institutions in
human society may prefer to use an incentive strategy which is able to promote cooperation …

Rewarding cooperation is in many ways expected behaviour from social players. However,
strategies that promote antisocial behaviour are also surprisingly common, not just in human …

The exclusion of freeriders from common privileges or public acceptance is widely found in
the real world. Current models on the evolution of cooperation with incentives mostly …