T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

Neuropilins (NRPs) are non-tyrosine kinase cell surface glycoproteins expressed in all
vertebrates and widely conserved across species. The two isoforms, such as neuropilin-1 …

Abstract CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a class of CD4+ T cells with
immunosuppressive functions that play a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis …

Objective This study was undertaken to identify characteristics of follicular regulatory T (Tfr)
cells and elucidate the mechanisms by which follicular helper T (Tfh) cells convert to Tfr …

Abstract Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is an uncommon, chronic, cholangiopathy of
autoimmune origin and unknown etiology characterized by positive anti-mitochondrial …

The function of regulatory T (T reg) cells depends on lipid oxidation. However, the molecular
mechanism by which T reg cells maintain lipid metabolism after activation remains elusive …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with joint and systemic
inflammation that is accompanied by the production of autoantibodies, such as rheumatoid …

The TGFβ superfamily is composed of more than 33 growth and differentiation factors,
including TGFβ1, β2, β3, BMPs, GDFs, nodal-related proteins, and activins. These members …

Aortic dissection (AD) is the rupture of the aortic intima, causing the blood in the cavity to
enter the middle of the arterial wall. Without urgent and proper treatment, the mortality rate …

T follicular helper cells participate in stimulating germinal center (GC) formation and
supporting B cell differentiation and autoantibody production. However, T follicular …