Glucose transport into muscle is the initial process in glucose clearance and is uniformly
defective in insulin-resistant conditions of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and Type II diabetes …

Hepatic steatosis may develop as a consequence of several dysfunctions. An increased
circulating non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) pool seems to be a major determinant in the …

FoxO transcription factors are important targets of insulin action. To better understand the
role of FoxO proteins in the liver, we created transgenic mice expressing constitutively active …

The flavonoid luteolin has various pharmacological activities. However, few studies exist on
the in vivo mechanism underlying the actions of luteolin in hepatic steatosis and obesity. The …

Hepatic insulin resistance is a critical component in the development of type 2 diabetes
mellitus. In many cases, insulin resistance in liver is associated with reduced expression of …

Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are the enzymes responsible for nitric oxide (NO) generation.
NO is a reactive oxygen species as well as a reactive nitrogen species. It is a free radical …

Insulin receptor substrates, including Irs1 and Irs2, integrate insulin and IGF receptor signals
with heterologous pathways to coordinate growth and metabolism. Since Irs2 is thought to …

Chronic inflammation has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of
insulin resistance. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been implicated in many …

Insulin resistance and increased cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression are both
associated with and mechanistically implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver …

The liver plays a key role in glucose homeostasis, lipid and energy metabolism. Its function
is primarily controlled by the anabolic hormone insulin and its counterparts glucagon …