▪ Abstract In this review, recent advances in DNA microarray technology and their
applications are examined. The many varieties of DNA microarray or DNA chip devices and …

There has been nearly a century of interest in the idea that encoding and storage of
information in the brain requires changes in the efficacy of synaptic connections between …

Gene expression microarrays provide a powerful new tool for studying complex processes
such as brain aging. However, inferences from microarray data are often hindered by …

Activity‐dependent changes in gene‐expression are believed to underlie the molecular
representation of memory. In this study, we report that in vivo activation of neurons rapidly …

Many experiments in the past have demonstrated the requirement of de novo gene
expression during the long-term retention of learning and memory. Although previous …

The immediate‐early gene Zif268 is a member of the Egr family of inducible transcription
factors. Data from gene expression studies have suggested that this gene may play a critical …

The view that memory is encoded by variations in the strength of synapses implies that long-
term biochemical changes take place within subcellular microdomains of neurons. These …

Damage to the cerebral cortex results in neurological impairments such as motor, attention,
memory and executive dysfunctions. To examine the molecular mechanisms contributing to …

▪ Abstract Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the predominant experimental model for the
synaptic plasticity mechanisms thought to underlie learning and memory. This review is …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes massive brain damage. However, the secondary injury
and temporal sequence of events with multiple mechanisms after the insult has not been …