Purpose This survey of the literature on the convergence of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
informs researchers on areas for future research by summarizing the countries examined …

This paper studies stochastic convergence of per capita CO 2 emissions in 28 OECD
countries for the 1901–2009 period. The analysis is carried out at two aggregation levels …

This study applies a large battery of state-of-the-art nonlinear unit root tests to examine the
stationarity properties of carbon dioxide emission series for 28 industrialized countries, five …

The bulk of the literature investigating persistence properties of non-renewable resource
prices series has focused on application of unit root tests. This paper contributes to the …

This paper addresses the problem of testing for persistence in the effects of the shocks
affecting the prices of renewable commodities, which have potential implications on …

A nonparametric panel stationarity test is proposed which offers the advantage of not
requiring prior specification of the trend function for each of the series in the panel. A …

This study analyzes the weak-form efficiency of global metal markets. We focus on both spot
metal markets and three-month futures metal markets. To investigate the efficiency of spot …

The framework of stationarity testing is extended to allow a generic smooth trend function
estimated nonparametrically. The asymptotic behavior of the pseudo-Lagrange multiplier …

Résumé Le voyage, le tourisme suscitent de nombreuses attentes et promesses que ce soit
pour les touristes, mais aussi les gouvernements et décideurs publics. Phénomène social …

Whether trends in natural resource prices are stochastic or deterministic is a contentious
issue. To resolve this, a number of studies have used the method of integrability to the price …