Objective: Pedestrian lower extremity represents the most frequently injured body region in
car-to-pedestrian accidents. The European Directive concerning pedestrian safety was …

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of vehicle impact velocity, vehicle
front-end shape, and pedestrian size on injury risk to pedestrians in collisions with …

In vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions, the characteristics of a vehicle's frontal shape and
structural stiffness have a significant influence on the kinematics and injury risk of the …

The elucidation and prediction of the biomechanics of lower limb fractures could serve as a
useful tool in forensic practices. Finite element (FE) analysis could potentially help in the …

Pedestrians are one of the least protected groups in urban traffic and frequently suffer fatal
head injuries. An important boundary condition for the head is the cervical spine, and it has …

Lower limbs are normally the first contacted body region during car–pedestrian accidents,
and easily suffer serious injuries. The previous tibia bending tolerances for pedestrian safety …

Appropriate mechanical representation of passive muscle tissue is crucial for human body
impact modelling. In this paper the experimental and modelling results of compressive …

This study aimed to identify the correlations of pedestrian with moderate to untreatable
(AIS2+) lower extremity injury risk with the pedestrian kinematics and vehicle front profile …

The number of traffic deaths in Japan was 4,863 in 2010. Pedestrians account for the
highest number (1,714, 35%), and vehicle occupants the second highest (1,602, 33%) …

This study aimed at prediction of long bone fractures and analysis of lower extremity injury
mechanisms in real world passenger car to pedestrian collision. For this purpose, two cases …