Over the past decades, detailed individual building energy models (BEM) on the one side
and regional and country-level building stock models on the other side have become …

In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for
visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains …

The level of detail (LOD) concept of the OGC standard CityGML 2.0 is intended to
differentiate multi-scale representations of semantic 3D city models. The concept is in …

As the world continues to urbanize at an unprecedented rate, the energy demand in cities is
rising. Buildings account for over 75% of all the energy consumed in cities and are …

The world is rapidly urbanizing, and the energy intensive built environment is becoming
increasingly responsible for the world's energy consumption and associated environmental …

Many computational approaches exist to estimate heating and cooling energy demand of
buildings at city scale, but few existing models can explicitly consider every buildings of an …

Cities officials are increasingly interested in understanding spatial and temporal energy
patterns of the built environment to facilitate their city's transition to a low-carbon future. In …

The proliferation of urban sensing, IoT, and big data in cities provides unprecedented
opportunities for a deeper understanding of occupant behaviour and energy usage patterns …

With the increasing population and urbanization promotion, energy consumption and carbon
emissions have increased, and concern for inefficient energy use and deteriorating urban …

The strict CO 2 emission targets set to tackle the global climate change associated with
greenhouse gas emission exerts so much pressure on our cities which contribute up to 75 …