It is thought that germ cells and preimplantation embryos during development are most
susceptible to endogenous and exogenous environmental factors because the epigenome …

Epigenetic modifications play an important role in disease pathogenesis and therefore are a
focus of intense investigation. Epigenetic changes include DNA, RNA, and histone …

The relationship between nutrition and brain health is intricate. Studies suggest that
nutrients during early life impact not only human physiology but also mental health. Although …

The pathomechanisms that associate a deficit in folate and/or vitamin B12 and the
subsequent hyperhomocysteinemia with pathological brain ageing are unclear. We …

Objective Fetal exposure to the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA), used to treat certain
types of epilepsy, increases the risk for birth defects, including neural tube defects, as well …

Folate deficiency in a fetus is well known to cause neurodevelopment defects and
development disorders. A low level of folate is also thought to be a risk for depression in …

Folate is a micronutrient essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, fetal growth and
development. Folate deficiency leads to genomic instability. Inadequate intake of folate …

According to modern view, susceptibility to diseases, specifically to cognitive and
neuropsychiatric disorders, can form during embryonic development. Adverse factors …

Vitamins B9 (folate) and B12 act as methyl donors in the one-carbon metabolism which
influences epigenetic mechanisms. We previously showed that an embryofetal deficiency of …

Nutritional science has traditionally used the reductionist approach to understand the roles
of individual nutrients in growth and development. The macronutrient dense but …