In light of an escalating prevalence of allergic disorders, it is crucial to fully comprehend their
pathophysiology and etiology. Such knowledge would play a pivotal role in the search for …

Bacterial lysates (BLs) are mixtures of bacterial antigens that have been used for many
decades to minimize the risk of recurrent respiratory tract infections in both pediatric and …

Selection of a patient with rhinitis/conjunctivitis or asthma for allergy immunotherapy (AIT)
requires several decisions. First, does the patient's sensitization, pattern of exposure to an …

Microbiota composition and associated metabolic activities are essential for the education
and development of a healthy immune system. Microbial dysbiosis, caused by risk factors …

Background There are many drugs for allergic rhinitis (AR), however, these drugs show
variable clinical effectiveness and some side effects. Therefore, new methods of AR …

This review discusses available evidence on the mechanisms of action of bacterial lysates,
and the clinical effects of their sublingual administration. Bacterial lysates act through many …

Background Asthma exacerbations are frequently induced by respiratory tract infections
(RTIs). Bacterial lysates have been described to possess immune‐modulatory effects and …

Background: Orally or sublingually administered lysates of mixed respiratory pathogenic
bacteria have been used in Europe, Asia, and other parts of the world, but not the United …

鼻部炎症性疾病临床主要包括变应性鼻炎(AR), 非变应性鼻炎(NAR) 和慢性鼻窦炎(CRS),
其发病机制尚未完全阐明, 涉及遗传学, 免疫调节, 炎症介质, 环境因素, 微生物群状态等多方面 …

Background Bacterial lysates are known for having immunomodulatory properties and have
been used mainly for the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) …