A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

The redshifted 21 cm line is an emerging tool in cosmology, in principle permitting three-
dimensional surveys of our universe that reach unprecedentedly large volumes, previously …

This work, together with its companion paper, Secco, Samuroff et al.[Phys. Rev. D 105,
023515 (2022) PRVDAQ 2470-0010 10.1103/PhysRevD. 105.023515], present the Dark …

ABSTRACT We introduce the Virgo Consortium's FLAMINGO suite of hydrodynamical
simulations for cosmology and galaxy cluster physics. To ensure the simulations are …

We present cosmological constraints from a cosmic shear analysis of the fourth data release
of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000), which doubles the survey area with nine-band …

We measure weak lensing cosmic shear power spectra from the 3-year galaxy shear catalog
of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program imaging survey. The shear …

We search for evidence of parity-violating physics in the Planck 2018 polarization data and
report on a new measurement of the cosmic birefringence angle β. The previous …

We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400
deg 2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made …

We present angular diameter measurements obtained by measuring the position of baryon
acoustic oscillations (BAO) in an optimized sample of galaxies from the first three years of …

We present and characterize the galaxy shape catalogue from the first 3 yr of Dark Energy
Survey (DES) observations, over an effective area of 4143 deg2 of the southern sky. We …