The transforming growth factor (TGF-β) family of growth factors controls an immense number
of cellular responses and figures prominently in development and homeostasis of most …

Over the past two decades, the perceived role of transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) in
carcinogenesis has undergone more plot twists than an Agatha Christie mystery. The initial …

Signaling by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily ligands to the nucleus is
mediated by type I and type II receptors and the intracellular signal transducers, the Smads …

The TGF-β signaling network plays a complex role in carcinogenesis because it has the
potential to act as either a tumor suppressor or a pro-oncogenic pathway. Currently, it is not …

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) gene superfamily expresses a large set of
structurally and functionally related polypeptides. Three TGF-β isoforms are regulated by …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every
tissue and cell type. The signal transduction of TGF-β can stimulate diverse cellular …

Transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) isoforms are growth factors that function
physiologically to regulate development, cellular proliferation, and immune responses. The …

Tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs) are resistant to chemotherapy and associated with
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused by HCV and/or alcohol-related chronic liver injury …

We report the first proteomic analysis of matched normal ductal/lobular units and ductal
carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the human breast. An understanding of the transition from normal …

Based largely on studies of cell lines in vitro and of transgenic mouse models, disruptions of
transforming growth factor (TGF) β signaling are thought to contribute to the development …