X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the epigenetic mechanism that ensures X-linked dosage
compensation between cells of females (XX karyotype) and males (XY). XCI is essential for …

Highlights•Complex regulatory interactions ensure female-specific monoallelic Xist
expression.•Stochastic upregulation combined with a negative feedback can explain the Xist …

XX female and XY male therian mammals equalize X-linked gene expression through the
mitotically-stable transcriptional inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in female …

Targeted protein degradation, with its rapid protein depletion kinetics, allows the
measurement of acute changes in the cell. The auxin-inducible degron (AID) system, rapidly …

At initiation of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), Xist is monoallelically upregulated from the
future inactive X (Xi) chromosome, overcoming repression by its antisense transcript Tsix …

Cell fate is shaped by a unique gene expression program, which reflects the concerted
action of multilayered precise regulation. Substantial research attention has been paid to the …

The onset of random X chromosome inactivation in mouse requires the switch from a
symmetric to an asymmetric state, where the identities of the future inactive and active X …

More than 90% of the human genome is transcribed into noncoding RNAs, but their
functional characterization has lagged behind. A major bottleneck in the understanding of …

Mammalian cells equalize X-linked dosages between the male (XY) and female (XX) sexes
by silencing one X chromosome in the female sex. This process, known as “X chromosome …

How Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is regulated by RNA remains an unsolved
problem. Although PRC2 binds G-tracts with the potential to form RNA G-quadruplexes …