The honeybee Apis mellifera has emerged as a robust and influential model for the study of
classical conditioning, thanks to the existence of a powerful Pavlovian conditioning protocol …

With less than a million neurons, the western honeybee Apis mellifera is capable of complex
olfactory behaviors and provides an ideal model for investigating the neurophysiology of the …

The honey bee Apis mellifera has emerged as a robust and influential model for the study of
classical conditioning thanks to the existence of a powerful Pavlovian conditioning protocol …

In this BEEBOOK paper we present a set of established methods for quantifying honey bee
behaviour. We start with general methods for preparing bees for behavioural assays. Then …

The honeybee Apis mellifera has been a central insect model in the study of olfactory
perception and learning for more than a century, starting with pioneer work by Karl von …

Highlights•In honey bees, appetitive motivation responds primary to colony
needs.•Appetitive behavior is regulated by various signalling pathways.•Biogenic amines …

Biogenic amines are widely characterized in pathways evaluating reward and punishment,
resulting in appropriate aversive or appetitive responses of vertebrates and invertebrates …

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) adult hermaphrodite has 302 invariant
neurons and is suited for cellular and molecular studies on complex behaviors including …

Neonicotinoid insecticides can impair bee learning and memory–cognitive features that play
a key role in colony fitness because they facilitate foraging. For example, the commonly …

Background Deterrent substances produced by plants are relevant due to their potential
toxicity. The fact that most of these substances have an unpalatable taste for humans and …