The heat release rate (HRR) is the most critical parameter in characterizing the fire behavior
and thermal effects of a burning item. However, traditional fire calorimetry methods are not …

Methanol is a very promising clean alternative fuel, and the study on pure methanol spray
flames has not been found before to authors' knowledge. In this study, the flame structure …

As thermoplastic materials are widely used in buildings, the fire hazards of thermoplastic
materials are increasingly becoming a central issue in fire safety research due to their …

The effects of microgravity on soft matter morphogenesis have been documented in
countless experiments, but physical understanding is still lacking in many cases. Here we …

The purpose of this work is to study the combustion characteristics of aromatic-enriched tire
pyrolysis oil (TPO) produced from typical small vehicles and truck tires. Pyrolysis oils (NRTO …

With the presence of an external magnetic field, a ferrofluid droplet exhibits a rich variety of
interesting phenomena notably different from nonmagnetic droplets. Here, a ferrofluid …

Fires in small confined spaces have problems such as difficulty extinguishing, fast burning
speed, long duration, strong concealment, and untimely warning. Perfluorohexanone-based …

The fuel burning rate and heat-release rate (HRR) play key roles in determining the fire
intensity and hazard. On Earth, the burning rate of a condensed fuel is normally measured …

Studying solid combustion phenomena in microgravity environments can be complex, and
this is furthered by many limitations and constraints in the available microgravity research …

As fossil fuels currently account for approximately 85% of the world's energy demands, the
rapid growth of the global population and the economy is projected to increase greenhouse …