Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, who have a notable
increase in the risk for this disease after menopause and typically develop coronary heart …

Women undergo important changes in sex hormones throughout their lifetime that can
impact cardiovascular disease risk. Whereas the traditional cardiovascular risk factors …

The aging and elderly population are particularly susceptible to cardiovascular disease. Age
is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults, but these risks are …

“The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause
Society”(NAMS) updates “The 2017 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North …

Epidemiologic studies have previously suggested that premenopausal females have
reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to age-matched males …

Abstract The International Menopause Society (IMS) has produced these new 2016
recommendations on women's midlife health and menopause hormone therapy (MHT) to …

Although intrinsic mechanisms that regulate arterial blood pressure (BP) are similar in men
and women, marked variations exist at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. These …

Background Data suggest that estrogen-containing hormone therapy is associated with
beneficial effects with regard to cardiovascular disease when the therapy is initiated …

Objective: The objective of this document is to generate a practice guideline for the
management and treatment of symptoms of the menopause. Participants: The Treatment of …

For several decades, the role of hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) has been debated.
Early observational data on HRT showed many benefits, including a reduction in coronary …