▪ Abstract The protein sequence and structure databases are now sufficiently representative
that strategies nature uses to evolve new catalytic functions can be identified. Groups of …

▪ Abstract Enzymes are called upon to differ greatly in the difficulty of the tasks that they
perform. The catalytic proficiency of an enzyme can be evaluated by comparing the second …

Abstract CATH version 3.5 (Class, Architecture, Topology, Homology, available at
http://www. cathdb. info/) contains 173 536 domains, 2626 homologous superfamilies and …

The functional annotation of proteins identified in genome sequencing projects is based on
similarities to homologs in the databases. As a result of the possible strategies for divergent …

This review examines the mechanisms propelling cofactor-independent, organic cofactor-
dependent and metal-dependent decarboxylase chemistry. Decarboxylation, the removal of …

The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD, NADH, NADP, and NADPH) are essential
cofactors in all living systems and function as hydride acceptors (NAD, NADP) and hydride …

The origins of enzyme catalysis have been attributed to both transition-state stabilization as
well as ground-state destabilization of the substrate. For the latter paradigm, the enzyme …

The (β/α) 8-barrel is the most common fold in structurally characterized enzymes. Whether
the functionally diverse enzymes that share this fold are the products of either divergent or …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the progress and the current state of
structure/function correlations of biomolecules. One of the primary goals of modern …

Linus Pauling proposed that the large rate accelerations for enzymes are caused by the high
specificity of the protein catalyst for binding the reaction transition state. The observation that …