It is well known that healthy gut microbiota is essential to promote host health and well‐
being. The intestinal microbiota of endothermic animals as well as fish are classified as …

This study aims to present comprehensive notes for the use of probiotics in aquaculture.
Probiotics have been proven to be positive promoters of aquatic animal growth, survival and …

All metazoans possess innate immune defence system whereas parameters of the adaptive
immune system make their first appearance in the gnathostomata, the jawed vertebrates …

Probiotics, which are regarded as micro-organisms administered orally leading to health
benefits, are used extensively in aquaculture for disease control, notably against bacterial …

There is a rapidly increasing literature pointing to the success of probiotics,
immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines in immunomodulation, namely …

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in fish flesh has long been disregarded because the high post-
mortem pH, the low percentage of sugars, the high content of low molecular weight …

Eggs, gills, skin and intestinal tracts of fish harbour bacterial communities that are thought to
impact fish health through their interaction with the tissues. In particular, the gastrointestinal …

Many microbial secondary metabolites have been studied for decades primarily because of
their antimicrobial properties. However, several of these metabolites also possess …

The development of vaccines has proven essential for the development of a successful
finfish aquaculture industry by preventing the occurrence of diseases like furunculosis and …

Two primary selection criteria were used to collect a pool of nearly 500 candidate probiotic
bacteria from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) larvae, ie the dominant intestinal bacterial flora …