Vitamin D, best known for its role in skeletal health, has emerged as a key regulator of innate
immune responses to microbial threat. In immune cells such as macrophages, expression of …

Background Disease severity and mortality rates due to COVID-19 infection are greater in
the elderly and chronically ill patients, populations at high risk for vitamin D deficiency …

Purpose Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency may increase the susceptibility to coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to determine the association between vitamin D …

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory and systemic disorder caused
by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or novel Coronavirus …

To assess the evidence on SARS-CoV2 infection and Covid-19 in relation to deficiency and
supplementation of vitamin D, we conducted a systematic review up to April 2021. We …

Vitamin D is associated with biological activities of the innate and adaptive immune systems,
as well as inflammation. In observational studies, an inverse relationship has been found …

OBJECTIVES Although vaccination has started, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
poses a continuing threat to public health. Therefore, in addition to vaccination, the use of …

The pathogenicity of the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) shows postulates that
optimal status of essential nutrients is crucial in supporting both the early viraemic and later …

Background Evidence recommends that vitamin D might be a crucial supportive agent for
the immune system, mainly in cytokine response regulation against COVID‐19. Hence, we …

Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the
etiological agent of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a respiratory infection that, starting …